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作者：Pengxu Zhu, Yanjun Jiang, Xiaodong Liu* and Jiancheng Chen

题名：How Does Collective Operating Construction Land Marketization Affect Farmers’ Livelihood Resilience: Evidence from Rural China

期刊：《Land》.2026, (6)

摘要：Collective operating construction land marketization (COCLM) is a major institutional innovation in China’s land reform process. However, the impact of this reform on farmers’ livelihood resilience (FLR) remains underexplored. This study uses data from the 2020–2022 China Land Economic Survey (CLES) conducted in Jiangsu Province to construct an FLR index from three dimensions—buffer capacity, self-organization capacity, and learning capacity. It also incorporates the actual status of COCLM at the village level to examine the impact of COCLM on FLR and its underlying mechanisms. The results show the following: (1) COCLM significantly improves FLR, and this conclusion remains consistent after a series of robustness checks. (2) In terms of FLR dimensions, COCLM has significant positive effects on all three dimensions, but its effects on buffer capacity and learning capacity are more pronounced than those on self-organization capacity. (3) Mechanism analysis reveals that COCLM improves FLR mainly by increasing farmers’ property income and promoting household non-agricultural employment. (4) Heterogeneity analysis shows that the positive effect of COCLM is more pronounced in southern and central Jiangsu, among high-income households, and in villages with higher governance levels. This study suggests that COCLM reform should be further deepened to steadily promote the sustained improvement of FLR, enable land value-added returns and non-agricultural employment opportunities to reach farmers more effectively, and pay greater attention to regional differences, income-group disparities, and differences in grassroots governance capacity, while promoting inclusive growth through COCLM. The above conclusions have some reference value for regions similar to Jiangsu, while their applicability in other regions with substantially different development conditions still requires further examination.

集体经营性建设用地入市（COCLM）是中国土地制度改革进程中的一项重大制度创新。然而，该项改革对农户生计韧性（FLR）的影响仍缺乏充分研究。本文基于2020—2022年在江苏省开展的中国土地经济调查（CLES）数据，从缓冲能力、自组织能力和学习能力三个维度构建农户生计韧性指数，并结合村级集体经营性建设用地入市的实际情况，考察COCLM对农户生计韧性的影响及其作用机制。研究结果表明：（1）COCLM能够显著提升农户生计韧性，在经过一系列稳健性检验后，该结论仍然成立。（2）从农户生计韧性的不同维度来看，COCLM对缓冲能力、自组织能力和学习能力均具有显著正向影响，但其对缓冲能力和学习能力的促进作用比对自组织能力的促进作用更为明显。（3）机制分析表明，COCLM主要通过提高农户财产性收入和促进家庭非农就业来增强农户生计韧性。（4）异质性分析表明，COCLM的正向影响在苏南和苏中地区、高收入农户以及治理水平较高的村庄中更为显著。基于上述结论，本文认为，应进一步深化集体经营性建设用地入市改革，稳步推动农户生计韧性的持续提升，使土地增值收益和非农就业机会能够更加有效地惠及农户。同时，在通过COCLM促进包容性增长的过程中，应更加重视区域差异、不同收入群体之间的差异以及基层治理能力的差异。上述结论对与江苏省发展条件相近的地区具有一定参考价值，但其在发展条件差异较大地区的适用性仍有待进一步检验。

关键词：collective operating construction land marketization (COCLM); farmers’ livelihood resilience (FLR); property income; non-agricultural employment

  集体经营性建设用地入市（COCLM）；农户生计韧性（FLR）；财产性收入；非农就业