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作者：苏凯文、任婕、温亚利

题名：Does Organic Agriculture Foster Conservation Behavior Among Farmers? Evidence from Chinese Crested Ibis Habitats

期刊：Agriculture

摘要：This study investigates the impact of organic agriculture on farmers’ conservation behaviors, focusing on a sample of 816 households in the Chinese Crested Ibis habitats of Yang County, Shaanxi Province, China. Employing partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), we analyzed the ecological feedback mechanisms bridging agricultural practices and species protection outcomes. The results identify two primary pathways through which organic agriculture fosters conservation: (1) Enhanced perceived benefits directly drive conservation behaviors, with significant path coefficients for ecological benefits (0.105, p < 0.05) and overall benefits (0.290, p < 0.001). (2) Government regulations fortify ecological cognition and conservation efforts (0.123, p < 0.001). Notably, while ecological cognition alone exhibited no direct behavioral impact, ecological emotions emerged as a critical mediator (0.153, p < 0.001). These mechanisms align with the remarkable recovery of the Crested Ibis population—from near extinction to over 7000 individuals—since the reserve’s establishment in 1981. Ultimately, this study highlights organic agriculture’s capacity to generate a positive ecological feedback loop, wherein economic viability and emotional connections to conservation mutually reinforce sustainable behaviors. The findings underscore that personal emotional investment in environmental stewardship is a stronger behavioral catalyst than cognitive understanding alone. This research offers robust empirical evidence to inform policy designs that harmonize agricultural livelihoods with biodiversity goals through targeted organic agriculture incentives and emotionally engaging ecological education programs.

本研究探讨了有机农业对农户保护行为的影响，以中国陕西省洋县朱鹮栖息地的816户农户为样本。采用偏最小二乘结构方程模型（PLS-SEM），我们分析了连接农业实践与物种保护成效的生态反馈机制。研究结果揭示了有机农业促进生态保护的两条主要路径：（1）增强的感知收益直接驱动保护行为，其中生态收益（0.105，p < 0.05）和综合收益（0.290，p < 0.001）的路径系数显著。 （2）政府规制强化了生态认知与保护力度（0.123，p < 0.001）。值得注意的是，虽然单纯的生态认知并未对行为产生直接影响，但生态情感作为一项关键的中介变量发挥了作用（0.153，p < 0.001）。这些机制与自1981年保护区建立以来朱鹮种群的显著恢复（从濒临灭绝繁衍至7000多只）相一致。

最终，本研究突显了有机农业产生正向生态反馈循环的潜力，在这一循环中，经济可行性与对保护工作的情感连结相互促进，从而强化了可持续行为。研究结果强调，在环境管理方面，个人的情感投入比单纯的认知理解是更强大的行为催化剂。本研究提供了坚实的实证证据，建议通过有针对性的有机农业激励措施和具有情感吸引力的生态教育项目，为协调农业生计与生物多样性目标的政策设计提供参考。

关键词：organic agriculture; perceived benefits; government regulations; ecological cognition; ecological emotions; conservation behavior

有机农业；感知收益；政府规制；生态认知；生态情感；保护行为